Do You Know Where We Store our Computer Data?

Storage devices are the devices where we electronically store/record data in the computer. Storage devices can be removable or non-removable depend on their type. Most commonly used storage devices are non-removable  can be found inside of CPU casing. Storage devices can be classified into 3 three different categories Primary, Secondary and Tertiary storage devices. These devices are non-volatile storage devices means they don't lose data when powered off. Before we move on you may already know that computer does any kind of data transferring in form of bits (0,1). Some of the common storage devices are:

1. Floppy Disk Drive

Floppy disk drive is basically an input/output device. It was one of the most popular storage device of the past and still it is for some people. However, today USB flash drives replacing it as one of the better alternative of floppy disk drives. Floppy disk is basically a circular shaped flexible plastic which closed inside a solid plastic cover layered with soft foam on both sides.
One of the main reason of floppy disk’s popularity is the cheap price and capability of data read/write. The data stored in floppy disk is portable and you can transport it to any other computer that has floppy disk drive installed already. Floppy disks are getting rare now, because of high data corruption rate, slow data transfer(read/write), and very small data storage capacity of only up to 1.44 Megabyteswhich is one of the biggest disadvantage of it. Anyways, It could still be a good option to make the backup of your small documents like a Microsoft Word document or some low-resolution images, etc.


Do You Know
 You may wonder that some businesses and industries still regularly use floppy disk drives. Personally I had seen someone installing Windows 3.x using four floppy disks for embroidery machines.

2. Hard Disks or HDD:

A Hard disk consists of one or more circular disks of aluminum or other metal alloy coated with magnetic material on both sides. It’s a mass storage device capable tostore large amount of data for long time-period with higher data transfer rate(read / write data). That’s why an HDD is the most common part of any system. A hard disk is commonly a Fixed disk since they can be found inside of a CPU casing, but lacks in capability of moving data from one to another place. 

Note: We use portable hard drives (or External HDD) which allows to move large amount of data anywhere stored inside of an external HDD.
One of the greatest speed factor of hard disk is instead of reading the stored data inside a hard disk from the beginning it directly reaches to the exact location where data is actually stored (i.e direct access device). A hard disk can be used to store OS files, applications, files and folders etc. We'll discuss about hard disk speed factors to help you to buying good quality hard drives.


3. Optical Storage Media:

i) CD ROM (CD-R and CD-RW) 
CD ROM is an abbreviation of Compact Disk Read Only Memory also a common storage device. As we said above hard disk drives read/writes data at much faster rate than a floppy disk, then why we still need a CD ROM, and the simple answer is a CD can store up to 700 MB of data in it and allows to move CD data from one place to another with ease and portability. On the other hand, floppy disk can store up to 1.44 MB which is not just enough today. It's also very cheap to buy a CD and software development companies are selling their softwares in CDs. You can get a complete version of of their softwares within single CD. 

Let's give you an example, in past when CDs were not available Microsoft Office had supplied with 32 floppy disks, But thanks to the invention of optical storage media and CD ROMs now this software is available in one CD or DVD for latest versions. You can install softwares from CDs more quickly than a floppy disk drive due to better data transfer rate of CD ROMs.


 CD-R: Used for read-only data, allows one-time data recording on the disk.  It’s an abbreviation of Compact Disk Recordable. 
CD-RW or CD Burner: Used for reading / writing / erasing of data to a CD more than once. CD-RW is an abbreviation of Compact Disk Re-writable. You need a classified CD-RW disk not just a CD-R disk for recording/erasing data multiple times. Remember that, a CD-R disk can only be used to record data once. Many people forget this when when buying compact disks for the same purpose.
ii) DVD ROM (DVD-R and DVD-RW)
A DVD drive can store much more data than a CD can. An average DVD can store up to 4 GB of data however the latest dual-layered DVDs are capable to store up to 8 GB of data. The main purpose of DVD drives to store movies, games or any other stuff beyond the capacity of a CD. You need a DVD ROM to to read these disks. Like CDs DVD drives also come in two types: DVD-R, DVD-RW / DVD Burner; one for just reading the disk and other for data reading and writing both.

4. Flash Memory / Pen Drives:

A USB Flash drive is a portable or removable data storage device that allows you tomove data anywhere and  give immediate access to the data (because of plug and play support). They’re compact in size not bigger than a human finger can easily slide into your pockets and capable to store data anywhere from 256 MB to 512 GB.
It’s a better way to transport your data whenever you want and wherever you want . These devices are considered as backup devices and are also known as thumb drive / pen drive / Keychain drive and solid state drive (SSD the technology used in camera and smart phones and other devices – unlike HDD it stores data in integrated circuits & chips without movements of parts). USB flash drives are cheaper than a floppy disk as compare to data storage space they offer.

 

5. Magnetic Tapes / Tape Drives

Tape drives have been using for decades regarded as the most popularly used storage device ever. These devices store data using tape or cartridge coated with magnetic material provide low-cost data storage than any other disk drive can offer. These storage devices specifically used as a backup data storage. Magnetic tapes are very slow at data transfer due to sequential read/write mechanism.


Thanks for reading this article, If you want any addition/correction or suggestion to this article. Please feel free to share your thoughts in comments.

Database

Entity

  • An entity is simply a person, place, event or thing for which we want to collect data.
    • Example: student, course, teacher, enrollment, band, singer (has to be single!)
  • An Entity in an ERD is slightly different, we are referring to all of the objects as a whole collection.
    • For example if we had a student entity, we are talking about all the students together not just a single one.
  • An entity is represented by a rectangle containing its name.
  • things a clear identity of  its own.
  • something that exists separate from other things and has a clear identity of it own.
  • each entity must have at least one primary key.

entity

Attribute

  • Attributes are the characteristics of an entity, they are the actual pieces of data that will be in the database.
    • Example of student attribute: student number, first name, last name, date of birth and nationality and so on.
  • In ERD, attributes are represented by oval and are connected to an enity with a line, Each oval contains the name of the attribute it represents.
  • Each attribute should be connected to only one entity.

attributes 


multi-valued attribute: 

An attribute that holds multiple values for a single entity
Example: A person may have more than one email address.

derived attribute:

an attribute that represents a value that is calculated from the value of another attribute within the same entity.
Example: A person's age. This is calculated from date of birth and the current date.

composite attribute:

An attribute composed of multiple values each with an independent existence but together provides one information. 
Example: Address. This can be subdivided into street, suburb, state and postcode.





Relationship 

  • Entities in the ERD are related to each other. Some are joined together to show that there is some sort of relationship between the entities.
    • Example: The teacher and student entity have a relationship that can be labelled as "teacher teaches student"
  • Relationships are represented by a diamond shaped symbol with a word in the shape to describe the relationship.
  • Lines are used to connect the entities and relationships to one another.

Relationship Types: 

  • The relationship type or degree refers to the number of entities involved in the relationship.
  • There are 3 basic relationship associations:
    • Unary relationship : The entity is related to itself
    • Binary relationship: Two entities are rlated to each other
    • Ternary relationship : three entities are related to each other
    • There are higher ones but they are very uncommon. 
  • The most common one is the Binary relationship.

Connectivity 

  • This describes how many objects of one entity is related to how many objects in the other entity in the relationship.
  • There are three types of relationship connectivity:
    • One to One (1 to 1) : each object in the first entity is related to one other object in the other entity.
    • One to Many (1 to M) : one object in the first entity is related to many objects of the other entity. this can also be Many to One, depending which entity is drawn on which side.
    • Many to Many(M to N): many objects of the first entity is related to many objects in the other entity.

Participation 

  • This describes whether in a relationship if one or both of entities are required for the other to exist.
  • There will be some cases that one entity can exist even without the other enrity.
    • Example: in a relationship between teachers and classes, the class has a total participation in the relationship. Every instance of the class requires a teacher.
  • Total participation is drawn with a double line.
http://yukidatabase.blogspot.com/2012/08/entity-entity-is-simply-person-place.html

What is Frequency Polygon - Statistics

Frequency polygons are a graphical device for understanding the shapes of distributions. They serve the same purpose as histograms, but are especially helpful for comparing sets of data. Frequency polygons are also a good choice for displaying cumulative frequency distributions.
To create a frequency polygon, start just as for histograms, by choosing aclass interval. Then draw an X-axis representing the values of the scores in your data. Mark the middle of each class interval with a tick mark, and label it with the middle value represented by the class. Draw the Y-axis to indicate the frequency of each class. Place a point in the middle of each class interval at the height corresponding to its frequency. Finally, connect the points. You should include one class interval below the lowest value in your data and one above the highest value. The graph will then touch the X-axis on both sides.
A frequency polygon for 642 psychology test scores shown in Figure 1 was constructed from the frequency table shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Frequency Distribution of Psychology Test Scores.
Lower LimitUpper LimitCountCumulative Count
29.539.500
39.549.533
49.559.51013
59.569.55366
69.579.5107173
79.589.5147320
89.599.5130450
99.5109.578528
109.5119.559587
119.5129.536623
129.5139.511634
139.5149.56640
149.5159.51641
159.5169.51642
169.5179.50642
The first label on the X-axis is 35. This represents an interval extending from 29.5 to 39.5. Since the lowest test score is 46, this interval has a frequency of 0. The point labeled 45 represents the interval from 39.5 to 49.5. There are three scores in this interval. There are 147 scores in the interval that surrounds 85.
You can easily discern the shape of the distribution from Figure 1. Most of the scores are between 65 and 115. It is clear that the distribution is not symmetric inasmuch as good scores (to the right) trail off more gradually than poor scores (to the left). In the terminology of Chapter 3 (where we will study shapes of distributions more systematically), the distribution is skewed.
frequency polygon
Figure 1. Frequency polygon for the psychology test scores.
A cumulative frequency polygon for the same test scores is shown in Figure 2. The graph is the same as before except that the Y value for each point is the number of students in the corresponding class interval plus all numbers in lower intervals. For example, there are no scores in the interval labeled "35," three in the interval "45," and 10 in the interval "55." Therefore, the Y value corresponding to "55" is 13. Since 642 students took the test, the cumulative frequency for the last interval is 642.
cumulative polygon
Figure 2. Cumulative frequency polygon for the psychology test scores.
Frequency polygons are useful for comparing distributions. This is achieved by overlaying the frequency polygons drawn for different data sets. Figure 3 provides an example. The data come from a task in which the goal is to move a computer cursor to a target on the screen as fast as possible. On 20 of the trials, the target was a small rectangle; on the other 20, the target was a large rectangle. Time to reach the target was recorded on each trial. The two distributions (one for each target) are plotted together in Figure 3. The figure shows that, although there is some overlap in times, it generally took longer to move the cursor to the small target than to the large one.
Figure 3. Overlaid frequency polygons.
It is also possible to plot two cumulative frequency distributions in the same graph. This is illustrated in Figure 4 using the same data from the cursor task. The difference in distributions for the two targets is again evident.

Normalization in Database

In creating a database, normalization is the process of organizing it into tables in such a way that the results of using the database are always unambiguous and as intended. Normalization may have the effect of duplicating data within the database and often results in the creation of additional tables. (While normalization tends to increase the duplication of data, it does not introduce redundancy, which is unnecessary duplication.) Normalization is typically a refinement process after the initial exercise of identifying the data objects that should be in the database, identifying their relationships, and defining the tables required and the columns within each table.
A simple example of normalizing data might consist of a table showing:
CustomerItem purchasedPurchase price
ThomasShirt$40
MariaTennis shoes$35
EvelynShirt$40
PajaroTrousers$25
If this table is used for the purpose of keeping track of the price of items and you want to delete one of the customers, you will also delete a price. Normalizing the data would mean understanding this and solving the problem by dividing this table into two tables, one with information about each customer and a product they bought and the second about each product and its price. Making additions or deletions to either table would not affect the other.
Normalization degrees of relational database tables have been defined and include:
First normal form (1NF). This is the "basic" level of normalization and generally corresponds to the definition of any database, namely:
  • It contains two-dimensional tables with rows and columns.
  • Each column corresponds to a sub-object or an attribute of the object represented by the entire table.
  • Each row represents a unique instance of that sub-object or attribute and must be different in some way from any other row (that is, no duplicate rows are possible).
  • All entries in any column must be of the same kind. For example, in the column labeled "Customer," only customer names or numbers are permitted.
Second normal form (2NF). At this level of normalization, each column in a table that is not a determiner of the contents of another column must itself be a function of the other columns in the table. For example, in a table with three columns containing customer ID, product sold, and price of the product when sold, the price would be a function of the customer ID (entitled to a discount) and the specific product.
Third normal form (3NF). At the second normal form, modifications are still possible because a change to one row in a table may affect data that refers to this information from another table. For example, using the customer table just cited, removing a row describing a customer purchase (because of a return perhaps) will also remove the fact that the product has a certain price. In the third normal form, these tables would be divided into two tables so that product pricing would be tracked separately.

To Fight For Rights & Reject Bad Policies & Leaders

The sensitive issue of Ontario’s new sex education curriculum isheating up very much and increasing theblood pressure and anger of the affected parents and people asit startstesting their religious, freedom, human rights, family, morality, responsibility, respectability, social, cultural and patience levels and tolerance.

Parents and people aredetermined to fully protect their rights and freedom, under Canada’s Charter of Rights & Freedom, and keep using all the available peaceful and sensible options of rejecting and protesting against all such parties, leaders, policymakers and policies which are proving harmful and destructivefor them and Canada.

Peaceful protests are being held and parents kept their children away fromschools for a week and could even keep away their children from such classes and schools indefinitely. Children are suffering the mostbut they fully understand the sensitivity and gravity of the issue and that’s why are willingly supporting the parents and people. They are sensing the dangers and consider it as extremely harmful and destructive.

Chris Selley of daily ‘National Post’, published from Toronto, Canada, in his analysis titled ‘Muslim community taking the lead in latest round of Ontario sex-education protests’, published on May 5, 2015, highlighted the events and developments taking place against the ‘Harmful &Objectionable’ Ontario’s new sex education curriculum.

Chris contacted me and chatted with me on this sensitive issue and carried my comments as follows: “Freelance journalist Javed Zaheer warns of the “total destruction” of his grandchildren’s generation.”

As regards the chat with Chris Selley and my comment in his analysis, I would like to make my comment and point clear to remove the confusions and misunderstandings, if any, created.

Nobody would have objected and protested if the Ontario’s new sex education curriculum had been purely educational and meant to create proper awareness and better understanding for the children of all ages, particularly appropriate and mature ages and mental levels so that they can grasp the necessary knowledge for safety and awareness and protect themselves from the harms, dangers, exploiters, pedophiles and criminals.

Already, children are being taught about health including sex. On that too concerned parents and people objected only against the “Objectionable portions” being taught to children of inappropriate ages and against their religious, family, social and cultural values and principles. Most of them kept their children away from such classes on optional basis.

Concerned parents and people say that the problem with the Ontario’s new sex education curriculum is that it is not only unethically crossing the limits and levels of maturity, morality, responsibility, respectability, values and principles but proving extremely destructive to the innocence, lives, and future of the children and new generation. It will open the doors for the evils, criminals and sex mafia to easily lure and hook the children to exploit, use and abuse them and produce a generation of rapists, predators and sinners. Their inappropriate ages, innocence and curiosity will increase their lust,make them irresponsible and sexually charged and definitely lead them to immorality and criminality.

The concerned parents and people consider it as a conspiracy of a lobby and fear that the motive behind the new sex education curriculum is to promote immorality and support and promote all those involved in such practices. Once they become part of the system and society then the job would become easy and the innocent children could be easily hooked, lured, exploited and abused.

The good, responsible and respectable parents, people and families of any community can never and will never allow this to happen. They will protect their children, families, cultures, values and principles at all cost.

The sexuality process of erection, insertion and ejection are all but natural for all living beings and the new sex education curriculum would definitely increase their sexual and lustful levels and allow them to understand and test them.They simply cannot avoid it.

Instead they would become Peeping Toms and keep a watchful eye on members of the family, friends and communityincluding parents, siblings and others to watch or get a chance to practically do something.

So what kind of a generation are we trying to create or produce? The day will not be far when a Grade-1 kid will ask his mother,sister, teacher or any other person: “Am I masturbating properly?” or “Hey, can you please measure my thickness and size?” or “Can you please teach me how to properly do and enjoy sex?” or “Mama or daddy I don’t need toys any more. Ineed condom and someoneto practice and play?”

I have four grandchildren and more kids in my family and friends circles. I shudder on even imagining about such a sex generation, happenings, situation and condition. This will definitely happen if we dangerously cross the limits and levels of maturity, morality, values and principles. Children and the future generations willlose their innocence, religion, family, responsibility and respect for all.

The good human beings would turn into sex hunter and sex mafia gang member. Canada and all good, responsible and respectable Canadians just cannot afford and allow this to happen at any cost. All attempts to bring such policies and changes would be opposed and thwarted.

As regards Ontario’s Premier Kathleen Wynne, she is MPP of my constituency Don Valley West and people mostly respected and voted for her and her party. She is a really very good and powerful leader and love mixing with the people of the area, listening and helping them. This is why I like and respect her too and hope that on this sensitive issue too she would meet the concerned parents, families and people, listen to them and try to find an acceptable and respectable solution.

Failure to do so on any pretext or grounds would lead to clash with the people and crash of her Liberal Party. Now, people are definitely in no mood to be good with her or her Liberal Party. The new sex education curriculum would definitely affect her and her Liberal party’s position adversely. People are damn angry and determined not to choose or entertain any such party or leader who does not respect them, their religion, cultures, traditions, ethics,values and principles.

The concerned members and leaders of the community including Shahid Hashmi, Chairman, Canpak Chamber of Commerce, Seema Hashmi, Syed Muhammad Iqbal, President of Pak Seniors Forum, Hashim Hyder, Tahir Hussain, Masoodul Haq gathered at the residence of Hameeduddin Ahmed, who had published and edited Toronto’s Urdu newspaper `AWAZ’, on May 6, 2015, in Pickering. The Ontario sex education curriculum was extensively and openly discussed and the majority members strongly criticised and condemned such a policy and considered its implementation as futile, disastrous and destructive.

Syed Muhammad Iqbal, PSF President, termed the Ontario sex education curriculum as devastating and destructive. He highlighted the “objectionable parts” of the curriculum as follows:
1) Proper names for body parts will be taught to students of Grade 1.
2) Students of Grade 2 will learn about the broad conceptof consent by being told that no means No.
3) The curriculum positions sexual orientation as one of the potential qualities that distinguish people from one another.
4) Now in Grade 4 discussion about puberty will be common and will move further to Grade 5 while education about intercourse will take place the following year
5) In Grade 6, masturbation and gender expression will also be part of the curriculum.In Grades 7 and 8, contraception and oral sex preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections will be taught and students will also learn about online bullying and the dangers of sharing sexually explicit images electronically.

People are already burdened and fed up by the rapidly increasing prices of everything. It is becoming harder for them to meet the increasing expenses including family, rent and groceries. Their pockets are being emptied to meet the budget deficit caused by the wrong policies of incompetent leaders and parties with vested interests. The wrong policies and incompetent leadership is proving harmful for Canada and all Canadians. Instead of cutting their “Expenses”, the leaders are cutting the throats of the common people.

It will definitely adversely affect the system, society, communities and families. A survey would reveal the facts and the prevailing situation and condition. Most people are fed up with elections, leaders and parties. .

The prime minister, premiers, ministers, policymakers, bureaucrats and leaders of all levels and parties---federal, provincial and municipal---must focus on all such priority issues so that people could live, breathe and even die respectfully and peacefully.

The increasing burden of rising expenses is becoming intolerable and making the lives of common peopleterrible and miserable. The need and urgency is to act fast before Canada and Canadians are harmed by the wrong policies and incompetent leadership at any levels. All communities and people must understand this and unite to practically help and support each other toprotect
Canada and Canadians and make them really safer, stronger and successful.
\ It is the duty and responsibility of the MP, MPP and Councillor to guide and help the people of their areas but recently one person came with a complaint that a staffer of MP of Don Valley West instead of helping him sent him a “Hurting email”. He was shocked and disappointed by that email and said: “Where should I go now and who will listen and help me?”
Such attitude is narrowing the roads for success and power for both the Liberal and Conservative parties and giving advantage to the NDP. The elections are due in few months but the outcome could be predicted by the performance and attitude of the leaders, parties and their staff. People are this time more charged and aware of what is happening to them, Ontario and Canada because of the wrong, bad and incompetent leaders and policies.
 

How To Reduce High Blood Pressure With Herbal Supplements?

People, who are looking for ways about how to reduce high blood pressure, are advised to make lifestyle changes. Increasing waist is one of the reasons for high BP. You are advised to lose extra pounds and lower the waist line to naturally reduce blood pressure. You can naturally reduce BP up to 9 mm Hg through regular physical activity. You need to practice exercises for at least 30 minutes regularly. 

Best exercises to reduce blood pressure include participation in dance, fitness games, swimming, rowing, bicycling, running, stair climbing, hiking and brisk walking. You can lower BP up to 8 mm Hg through reducing intake of sodium. Limit intake of sodium to 2300 mg per day. People, who are aged above 51 years, are advised to keep sodium intake at 1500 mg or less. Reduce intake of processed foods. You should read food labels and choose sodium alternatives. Stresx capsules are the best herbal supplements to reduce high blood pressure.

You need to take Stresx capsules twice daily with plain water for 3 to 4 months to maintain correct blood pressure. It is developed using powerful herbs to naturally lower BP without any fear of side effects. It is one of the effective herbal supplements to reduce high blood pressure.

It is useful for the treatment of poor heart functioning and hypertension. It also relieves you from fatigue, insomnia, sleeplessness and stress. It also balances cholesterol levels. It improves blood circulation through clearing and cleaning arteries. Potent herbs in this herbal remedy widen arteries to ensure more blood supply. It eliminates blood clots and protects you from the risk of kidney disorders, stroke and heart attack. It supplements your body with important nutrients and help to boost heart functioning. Some of the key ingredients in Stresx capsules, which are the best herbal supplements to reduce high blood pressure, are Kesar, Ganjwan, Aam, Arjun, Safed Musli, Moti Bhasam, Vacha, Brahmi, Ajwain Khurasani and Shankpushpi. 

How to reduce high blood pressure is through regular use of herbal supplements and intake of balanced diet. You can buy herbal remedies in the denomination of 300, 240, 120 and 180 capsules from reliable online stores. Order for these herbal supplements can be placed from the comfort of home or office. You can also enjoy free shipping.

You should ensure intake of diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, skimps and low fat dairy products. Intake of balanced diet helps to lower BP by up to 14 mm Hg. To neutralize the effects of sodium, you need to consume foods rich in potassium. Include foods like potatoes, dark green leafy vegetables, bananas, raisins, prunes, mushrooms, dried figs, dates, dried apricots, yogurt, squash, kiwi, peaches, avocados, fish and beans in your daily diet. You are advised to prevent or reduce intake of alcohol to lower BP. You should stop smoking completely. You should also avoid secondhand smoking. You should reduce intake of caffeine products. 

Reducing stress is very important to lower BP. How to reduce high blood pressure is through practicing deep breathing exercises. You can also practice meditationFind Article, yoga or seek massage therapy.

Life's Most important Questions

  • Who are we?
  • What are we? 
  • From where did we come? 
  • Where would we go? 
  • What are we doing? 

The true purpose of life is to answer these questions and then live: Who are we? What are we? From where did we come? Where would we go? What are we doing? What should we do? Are we doing right? Will it take us to where we want to go? Do we know where we want to go? Is it the right destination?
Many of us are impatient. We don’t want to spend time answering questions. We just want to jump into life, thinking that life will be over soon. Sure, life will be over, but suppose you knew that you’re not going to die that you’re going to live forever and you’re immortal. Then, will we just rush through life? You don’t even know whether you die, or is it only your body that dies? As I study these questions, I share that we must not just rush into life, but we must stop, understand, introspect, and contemplate and then live! That is truly livingComputer Technology Articles, not just existing like rats running in a rat race.

Cheap Printer Ink Cartridges: helps in cost cutting

With the increase in the usage of printers in businesses and office, demand for printer ink cartridges has gone up as well. At the same time, quality of the pages and the ink cartridges has become the essential factors in printing the pages. Many a times, people lookout for the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) ink cartridges whenever their printers fall short of ink. Why throw money down the drain, when you can buy cheap printer ink cartridges. When you go for the OEM ink cartridges, you are likely to spend huge amount of money on the printing needs. They will end up increasing your overall stationery costs. 

With the entry of the third party vendors producing cheap printer ink cartridges, the monopolistic market of the branded and genuine ink cartridges is almost shut. These cartridges are cheaper than the original ones. The ink cartridges are non bio-degradable. Every year, people from across the globe add into millions of tons of garbage in landfills. Used printer ink cartridges are dumped without thinking of re-filling. The cartridges are formed of high grade plastic and take up thousands of years before they break down. It is advisable to practice secure ink cartridges recycling to assist and save the environment from damage caused by the unsuitable disposal of the printer ink cartridges. Online world is one of the great places to purchase cheap printer ink cartridges. 

There are several online suppliers who provide cheap printer ink cartridges. All you need to do is to woof on the one that provides you with the great services and best prices. The web world is a wonderful tool and it can help you put the cash back in your pocket. Saving money on cheap printer ink has never been easier, however, with the online advancements; you can be assured about the costs. Online traders have their websites with product information. Therefore, inspect some of the known online suppliers and also browse through the prices they are providing. 

If you are looking out for cost cutting in your office stationeries, then it is advisable to go for cheap printer ink cartridges. Although, the digital era has taken over in offices across the globe, yet there are many such companies that rely on the documents. Printing is important in carrying out both business and office tasks. Whether you are looking to print mere documents like minutes of a meeting or other essential documents like financial reports or any other project progress report, you just cannot avoid printing. For all such tasks, you can bank on cheap printer ink cartridges. 

These days, printer ink is a sore spot for consumers. The consumers are searching for ways to save money in buying ink. Hence, one can save a lot of money by buying cheap printer ink cartridges. Now start saving immediately just by ordering cheap printer ink from the online source.

What are Spritual Books?

Spiritual books are known to be our best friends for their unconditional love towards us. Reading, generally, has always been one of our favourite hobbies. As far as spiritual inspiration and knowledge is concerned, there is no substitute of acquiring it other than from spiritual books. These books are fuel for our thoughts and beliefs, they provide us the inspiration and courage to stand up for what we feel is right for our growth. 

Spiritual books have begun to multiply in number in recent times. And it is true that once we go through the work of writers who have had spiritual inspiration, our lives get changed. 

Tired of leading stressful and unhappy lives, people with a desire to lead peaceful lives are resorting to spirituality. Thus spirituality is on the rise. Walking on the path of spirituality not only helps us to realise our real Self, but it also inspires us and drives us to lead a joyous life. If we intend to relax and attain peace of mind we should read spiritual books. 

A good way of selecting these inspiring books is to search online for them. We need to select a few good spiritual books available in the market and start reading it religiously. We should make a regular habit of reading them, set up a time of the day for the same, and put our whole mind on it. While reading spiritual books we should not be watching TV or eating or doing anything else. 

We slowly begin to see the world around us in a different perspective. We begin to comprehend why a person is behaving the way he/she is. We learn to take things in stride and move on without getting much baffled from his/her behaviour. 

Spiritual books help us clarify a lot of our doubts which otherwise seem difficult to resolve. We must believe that our time invested in spiritual reading will definitely change our lives. We become very positive. Our attitude and point of view for life also changes. Realizing our dreams and aspirations will become easy and we shall experience joys like never before. 

This blissful experience is an important facet of spiritual inspiration coming through books. Nonetheless, mere reading won�t help us unless we learn to apply these principles in our day to day affairs. Spirituality is not about reading alone, it is about being and becoming. We need to understand the writer�s point of view and begin to follow it in our lives with determination. This is important because without doing this spiritual books will produce no good results. 

For people like us who are moved by spiritual inspiration, it is necessary that we seek wholeheartedly until we reach our destination. And once we begin to find spiritual realisation, we must keep seeking until we are convinced, at the deepest level of our inner being, of the eternal reality that God, is our own real Self. 

For some of us, this realisation might happen in an instant explosive revelation; for others, it will occur quietly and gradually. Whenever it happens, we will all know.

How much it is important that a child should play in childhood:


It is true that education is like a basic building block for a child's future. All parents dream for a better career for their children life. Everybody wants their child to be engineer, doctor and wants to see them in high posts. In this cuse throat competition children get pressurize with their activities to the extent that they don't get extra time for their own entertainment. Teachers also keep the children busy during the holidays by giving them assignments and homework. Therefore, children used to play with their siblings. So, the children easily got a play environment at home. However, now the time spent by child in playing was very less as compared to the past decades. Parents should understand that play is an important activity for children and they should not deprive their child from this opportunity. 

Group games allows children to learn the values of team work. It also teaches them to cooperate with members of the team and develop self discipline. This also enables them to face negative situations in life and make them strong when they get defeated. Many studies have proved that children are playing games which have lots of violence are likely to be more short tempered and aggressive. 

It is the duty of the parents to find out whether the children knows the difference between reality and fantasy. When this problem is not uprooted in the initial stages then it can take very ugly turn in child's life and they will start presuming that real life is also like the games and sports which they play. It will have a negative impact on child's mind because inappropriate games will impart wrong set of values in them. Through play children develop basic life skills; they also learn how to interact with their parents and adults. It is through play that children develop basic life skills; they learn how to interact with their peers and with adults. 

There are certain benefits that children get after playing. These benefits are given below: 

1. Reduces fear, stress, anxiety, irritability 

2. Generate joy, intimacy, self-esteem and mastery not based on other's loss of esteem 

3. Improves emotional flexibility and openness 

4. Increases calmness, resilience and adaptability and ability to deal with surprise and change 

5. Decreases tactile defensiveness 

6. Healing process for hurts 

7. Enhances feelings of acceptance of difference 

8. Increases empathy, compassion, and sharing 

9. Creates options and choices 

10. Models relationships based on inclusion rather than exclusion 

11. Alternative to aggressor-victim model of relationships 

12. Decreases revenge and need for self defense 

13. Improves touch and nonverbal socialization skills 

14. Increases attention and attachment capacities 

15. Positive emotions increase the efficiency of immune, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems 

16. Decreases stress, fatigue, injury, and depression 

17. Integrates sensor motor, kinesthetic and emotional responses 

In conclusion every child should be allowed to play as they learn so many skills from playing, and from defeating. Play is essential for every child's development as it make them well balanced grown up and prepare with all the essential life skills needed.

Microsoft Mobiles Business Intelligence

Microsoft today announced that it has acquired Datazen, a mobile business intelligence and data visualization service.
Datazen, which launched about three years ago, allows businesses to create mobile dashboards from data in Microsoft Excel, but also from other cloud and enterprise database sources. To run Datazen, enterprises need to run Windows Server, IIS and .NET behind their firewalls, as well as Datazen’s server software.
The company offers apps for Windows, Windows Phone, iOS, Android and the web. According to today’s announcement, all of its products will remain available for the time being and the team will continue to work on Datazen’s server and client products.
Starting today, Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Edition customers (version 2008 and up) can already download Datazen’s server software at no cost.
“Datazen is positioned as a mobile BI solution for customers who need a solution that is implemented on-premises,” the Datazen team writes today. “As such, it will complement Power BI, Microsoft’s cloud-based business analytics service.”

Top Five (5) Best Open Source Technologies Review for Year 2015

The Year 2012 marked a mushrooming in the number of Open – Source Technologies, however despite the increase in the number that we have seen in the past couple of years there were a few that managed to leave seemingly everlasting footprints. Some of these technologies reformed their counterparts and have empowered innumerable people, groups and companies with their creative strategies and solutions. The Year 2013 has arrived with some promising and Best Open Source Technologies that will dominate this year and that will provide users flawless experience in Open Source Technologies fields so in this blog-post we are going toReview of Top Five Best Open Source Technologies of 2013 which includes; Codename One Review, CFEngine Review, Kaltura Review, Magento Review and Audacity Open-Source Technologies Review.


OpenSource Technologies of 2013


Review of Codename One - An Open Source Technology:

Established in the year 2012 by two engineers that were associated with Sun Microsystems named Chen Fishbeinand Shai Almog, “Codename One” with its launch was able to captivate some of the most powerful brands like Vodafone to name one and soon has become a very compelling device for global mobile developers. This new open source technology enables employing an exclusive codebase for Java that permits developers to build and create mobile applications over multiple systems of mobile operations. This in turn aids in convincingly minimizing costs and time and lowering fragmentation and promises to play a very pivotal role in mobile applications.

Review of CFEngine - An Open Source Technology:

After having undergone two revisions, “CFEngine” currently runs globally on a very large number of computer systems and includes a clientele list like LinkedIn and NASA to boast off. This unique software that is available in a diverse range of monetary strands and user types automatizes massive IT computing infrastructure by implementing conformity, security and readiness of important services and applications related to the project. 

Review of Kaltura - An Open Source Technology:

Unveiled in the year 2006, “Kaltura” has swelled with success with close to 28,000 developers that have registered with them and a customer base of over 150,000 that includes some prominent names such as HBO and Best Buy and the very many universities that they have as well. Kaltura is not just the forerunner but also the only online open source platform for video that proposes formable video solutions via media management apps and also provides a scheme for building custom applications. This software has marked its prominence in media companies, large and medium enterprises, web publishers and service providers.

Review of Magento - An Open Source Technology:

Roy Rubin and Yoav Cutner in the year 2007 launched “Magento” and gave technology an addition that was so innovatively designed that it has carved a niche in the open source platform. What they created and build saw an explosion of sorts by the year 2010 and what started as a platform that gave complete charge and flexibility to businesses over not just the design but also the content and functionality of retailers online to providing solutions at an enterprise level. Declared as the most rapidly flourishing global e-commerce platform it pretty much stands tall to the fresh breed of competitors.
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